AP 5th EVS Text book solution :: Lesson 5 Agriculture

 

AP  5th EVS Text book solution :: 

Lesson  5 Agriculture

Improve Your learning ( Page No : 100)

I. Conceptual Understanding: 

1. What is cultivation?

Ans : The action of cultivating land is called cultivation.

2. Is it good to use  chemical fertilizers and pesticides? Why?

Ans:  It is not good to use chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Indiscriminate use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides causes diseases like cancer. It is also harmful to the environment.

3. What are the advantages of preserving food grains?

Ans :      Advantages of preserving food grains are to

1. Protect from rain.

2. Protect from insects, birds and pests.

3. Use them throughout the year.

4. Donate to orphanages and ashrams

II. Questioning and Hypothesis:

4.  What questions would you ask a farmer in our village to know about paddy cultivation?

Ans : 

What are the steps involved in cultivation?

Do the process of cultivation same for different crops like paddy, cotton, mango?

Which tools are used by farmers in cultivation?

What precautions we should take to get good yield?

 

III. Experiments and field observations:

5.  Sow the seeds of coriander or fenugreek nut in your garden at home. Observe the growth of the plants for two weeks. Measure and record the height of the plant in your note book.

Ans:

I sow the seeds of fenugreek ( dill) in my garden.

My observations are

• On 3^rd day - Seeds sprouted ( Half cm in length)
• On 6^th  day - First leaves appeared ( height – 1 cm)
• On 9^th day - Stem elongation
• On 12^th day -  Leaf growth, root development
• On 14^th day - Full growth, pod formation ( height is  3 – 4 cm)
• 
  

IV. Information Skills & Project Work:

6.  Meet some farmers in your locality and collect the following information and fill the table?

Ans :

1.          Ashok – Paddy

2.       Mohan rao – Banana

3.        Ranga Rao – Mango

4.        Krishna - Paddy

V. Drawing Pictures and Model Making:

7.  Draw and label life cycle of butterfly and frog.

Ans :  

 

VI. Appreciation:

8a.  Grow micro greens of green gram, mustard, black gram, millets, sesame etc., in paper cups and prepare delicious food items with the help of your mother.

Ans : 

Green gram      :   Dumplings, Halwa, Dosa, Dhokla. Mustard - Pasta, Roasts, Pickles.

Black gram        :  chat, Blackgram salad, Curry.

Millets             : Upma, Jaava, Roti.

8b.  Persons and institutions behind the rice we eat in the given format.

Ans :

Additional Question in Lesson :

Page No: 78

Activity Arrange the stages of cultivation in a sequential order

 

Think and Discus: ( Page : 80)

Are there any differences in the process of cultivation of paddy and cotton?

Ans: Paddy requires abundant water (flooded conditions) for most of its growth stage but Cotton requires well-drained soil and moderate watering.

Think and Discus: ( Page : 82)

• Have you ever seen drip irrigation? Why was that method adopted?

Ans:  Yes , I have seen drip irrigation. Instead of wetting the whole field surface, water is applied only to the plant root zone.

• What are the uses of furrows? What happens if there are no furrows in fields?

Ans: Furrows are small channels used to irrigate fields by carrying water between crop rows.  Furrows are used to water row crops like potatoes, tomatoes, corn and cotton.  If there are no furrows water is wasted and more water is supply for plants

• When you have little water resources in your area, which irrigation method you adopt ?

Ans: When water resources are limited, drip irrigation is a good irrigation method

• What are the water saving methods of irrigation?

• Drip irrigation
• Use sprinklers 
• Sore rain water
• Crop rotation
• Organic farming

• Is it good to use machines for cultivation? Give reasons.

Ans: Yes, using machines for cultivation can be beneficial because it can Reduce labor, Save time, Increase crop yields and Improve land use

• List the tools which farmers used in the olden days and at present?

Ans:

In olden days : hoes, spades, sickles, digging sticks, and plows

In present days :  Seed drills , Rakes, Sprayers, Balers, Agricultural drones

• Name the hand tools used by farmers in cultivation?

Ans: Axe , Hoe , Shovel , Sickle and plough

 

Page No : 84

• How are agriculture and animal rearing related to each other ?

Agriculture and animal rearing, also known as animal husbandry, are closely related in several ways:

Both agriculture and animal husbandry provide food for people

Crops are used as feed for livestock

Manure from animals fertilizes crops. The chemical composition of manure varies by animal species and diet

Manure improves soil structure, water retention, and drainage.

 

Think and Discus: ( Page : 86)

• If there are no butterflies and bees, what will happen?

If there are no butterflies and bees , the process of pollination will be stopped. People will starve. Animals we eat would also perish with a reduced food supply.

• In the paddy field, you may observe little fish like organisms. Are they real fish?

Ans : No, they are not fish. They are the tadpoles. They grow and become frogs

 

Think and Discus: ( Page : 88)

• How does a farmer protect his crops in your village?

Ans: Farmers use different ways to protect crop damage are by incorporating integrated pest and insect management. Spraying insecticides, pesticides help to minimize the crop damage by controlling the insects and other pests

• Visit a nearby field. List the insects and animals that damage the crop

Ans: Caterpillars , Grasshoppers, Spider mites , Aphids, Cutworms , Birds , Rats , squirrels and snails

 

Page No: 90

• Do you know the traditional storing methods of grains?

Ans: The traditional storing methods of grains are metallic bins , storage baskets, pits , open timber platforms and aerial storage.

 

Page No: 92

• Name the crop which is cultivated in majority of the districts in Andhra Pradesh.

Ans:  Rice ( Paddy)  is cultivated in majority of the districts in Andhra Pradesh.

 

Think and Discus: ( Page : 94)

• What are the crops cultivated in your village?

Ans:  Rice , livestock and cotton  crops are cultivated in my village

• What are the crops mentioned in the map?

Ans: Banana , rice, sweet orange , okra , turmeric , livestock, sorghum and tomato

• List out the crops which grow in your district?

Ans : Rice and cotton

• What are the major crops cultivated in our state?

Ans: Banana, rice, sweet orange, okra, turmeric, livestock, sorghum and tomato

• Do you know which one is a healthy food?

Ans: Greens , fruits, vegetables, sprouts and fermented food like idly, dosa etc.

 

Page No: 96

• Who among the above eats good food?

Ans: Kusuma

• You have read the eating habits of Sreenu, Kusuma and Chandu.  What do you eat daily, share it with your friends?

Ans: I eat vegetables, fruits, eggs , chikki and ragi java

• Name the energy giving food items you eat at home

Ans:  Rice , wheat , potatoes, jaggery, sweet potatoes etc.

• What do you eat at home (Rice, Wheat or Jowar)?

Ans : Rice and wheat

• Name the food item you can prepare using the above food grains

Ans:

Rice: Biryani, tamarind rice, Pongal

Wheat: Chapati, poori, biscuits

Jowar: Upma , roti , java

 

Page No : 98

• Name the pulses you use at home.

Ans: Green gram, black gram, Bengal gram etc .. are the pulses we use at home.

• What happens if you don’t take protein rich food like pulses and cereals?

Ans: If we don’t take protein rich food, we will not grow stronger.

• How does the food help us to grow healthy?

Ans: The food we eat is the source of energy. The food we eat must contain carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals which help us to grow healthy.

• Ragi sangati, Jonna Roti, Palli chikki are also nutritious foods

Ans: Yes