QUESTIONS, ACTIVITIES AND PROJECTS
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1. The symbol represents the which fundamental principles of democracy?
Answer: B) Equality before law
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2. Write names of the various types of government that you have learnt in the chapter.
The various types of government learnt in the chapter are Democracy (Direct Democracy and Representative Democracy, which includes Parliamentary and Presidential democracy), Monarchy (Absolute and Constitutional monarchy), Theocracy, Dictatorship, and Oligarchy.
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3. Which type of Government does India have? And why is that called that type?
India has a parliamentary democracy. It is called a parliamentary democracy because the people elect their representatives to form the parliament and legislature through universal adult franchise, and the members of the executive (such as the prime minister and the council of ministers) are also members of the parliament and remain accountable to it.
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4. Democracy is different from monarchy and dictatorship. Explain.
Democracy is a form of government where power comes from the people through elections and universal adult franchise, ensuring accountability, equality, and freedom. In contrast, a monarchy is ruled by a king or queen where power is typically hereditary. A dictatorship is ruled by an individual or a small group possessing absolute power with no constitutional limits or public accountability.
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5. What are possible hurdles in a democracy in achieving its values and ideals? How can they be overcome?
Possible hurdles in a democracy include corruption, wealth disparity, excessive control by a few over democratic institutions, erosion of the judiciary's independence, and manipulation of information channels. These can be overcome when individuals and society remain vigilant, active, and responsible citizens.
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6. You read that an independent judiciary is present in all types of democracies. State any three reasons why you think it is important for the judiciary to be independent.
1. It ensures that every citizen's fundamental rights and freedoms are fully protected.
2. It guarantees that laws are followed fairly by all citizens without bias.
3. It keeps all parts of the government accountable by checking that they operate within the constitutional framework and separation of powers. -
7. Do you think democratic government is better than other forms of government?
Yes, a democratic government is generally considered better because it is based on the rule of the people, guarantees fundamental rights, ensures equality and freedom, and holds leaders accountable through regular elections, focusing on the welfare and well-being of all citizens.
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8. These are some practices in a few different countries. Can you match the practice with the type of government?
A Ans B 1. All citizens are treated equally before law ( c ) c. Democracy 2. The government refers to the religious leader for each and every decision it takes. ( d ) d. Theocracy 3. After the queen's death, her son became the new king. ( b ) b. Monarchy 4. The ruler is not bound to follow any constitution. He makes all the decisions as per his choice ( a ) a. Dictatorship -
9. Below is a list of countries. Find out the types of government these countries have:
Statement Ans 1. Bhutan Constitutional Monarchy 2. Nepal Federal Democratic Republic 3. Bangladesh Parliamentary Republic 4. South Africa Parliamentary Republic 5. Brazil Federal Presidential Republic
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