Observe the picture completely and answer the questions
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1. What is the teacher showing in the picture?
The teacher is showing a chart of the Human Body and explaining different internal and external organs to the students.
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2. Can you say the names of some organs of our body?
Some organs of our body are the eyes, ears, nose, hands, legs, brain, heart, lungs, stomach, and kidneys.
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3. What are the uses of organs?
Organs help us to perform different kinds of work like seeing, hearing, breathing, digesting food, circulating blood, thinking, and body movements.
Let us discuss
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• Which part of our body helps to digest the food?
The stomach and intestines (along with mouth and digestive juices) help to digest the food.
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• Why did Rohit get tired after dancing?
Rohit got tired because his body used up energy during continuous physical activity while dancing.
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• How did eating bananas help Rohit?
Eating bananas provided him with instant nutrients and energy to become active again.
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• What would happen if Rohit did not eat anything and continued dancing? Why?
If Rohit did not eat anything and continued dancing, he would become completely exhausted and might faint due to a lack of energy.
Activity: Write the functions of different parts of the digestive system
| S.No. | Parts | Function |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Mouth | Chews and grinds food into smaller pieces; saliva softens the food. |
| 2 | Oesophagus | Passes the softened food from the mouth down into the stomach. |
| 3 | Stomach | Mixes food with digestive juices to break it down further. |
| 4 | Small Intestine | Completes digestion and absorbs nutrients into the blood. |
| 5 | Large Intestine | Absorbs water from the undigested food material. |
| 6 | Rectum | Stores the remaining waste material temporarily. |
| 7 | Anus | Releases and eliminates the solid waste from the body. |
Look at the given picture
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• What do you observe in the picture?
A doctor is examining a young patient in a clinic using a medical device.
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• What is the doctor doing?
The doctor is listening to and measuring the heartbeat of the patient.
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• What do you call the apparatus with which the doctor is testing the patient?
The apparatus is called a stethoscope.
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• How is the sound? Where does the sound come from? Why?
The sound is heard as "lub-dub". The sound comes from the heart as it pumps blood throughout the body.
Let us discuss
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• Which blood vessels transport the blood from the heart to all parts of the body?
Arteries transport oxygenated blood from the heart to all parts of the body (except pulmonary arteries).
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• Which blood vessels transport the blood from the body parts to the heart?
Veins transport deoxygenated blood from the body parts back to the heart (except pulmonary veins).
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• What is the instrument used by the doctor to measure heartbeat?
The instrument used by the doctor to measure heartbeat is a stethoscope.
Complete the following table
| S.No. | Who am I | What do I do |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Heart | Pumps blood through the blood vessels to all parts of the body. |
| 2 | Blood Vessels | Serve as tubes (arteries and veins) to carry blood throughout the body. |
| 3 | Blood | Transports oxygen, nutrients, regulates body temperature, and fights germs. |
Think and Answer
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• While walking along the road, we hear the sound of a bus horn. We immediately move aside. How are we able to move immediately after listening the sound?
Our ears receive the sound and the nerves immediately transmit this message to the brain. The brain processes the danger signal and sends instructions through nerves to our leg muscles to step aside safely.
Improve your learning
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1. Name the organ systems in the human body.
The main organ systems in the human body are the Skeletal system, Muscular system, Digestive system, Respiratory system, Circulatory system, Excretory system, and Nervous system.
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2. Write the name of the organ that pumps blood.
Heart is the organ that pumps blood.
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3. Which organ system is responsible for the movement of our body?
The Muscular system along with the Skeletal system is responsible for the movement of our body.
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4. What is the human body's nervous system primarily responsible for? [ ]
Answer: D) Transmitting signals
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5. How does the respiratory system help our body?
The respiratory system takes in oxygen through inhalation, which helps break down food in cells to release energy, and expels carbon dioxide and water vapour through exhalation.
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6. Why do we need the circulatory system?
We need the circulatory system because it transports essential oxygen and nutrients to all body parts, removes metabolic wastes like carbon dioxide, regulates body temperature, and protects against disease-causing germs.
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7. Explain why all organ systems must work together.
All organ systems must work together because each system depends on the others; for instance, the digestive system provides nutrients, the respiratory system brings oxygen, the circulatory system delivers them to cells, and the nervous system coordinates all their actions to keep us healthy and alive.
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8. Which organ system is shown in the above picture and what is its main function? [ ]
Answer: B) Digestive system - breaking down food
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9. After eating food, what happens to the food inside your body? Name the system involved.
The food is chewed, mixed with digestive juices in the stomach, digested, and absorbed as nutrients in the small intestine, while undigested waste is excreted. The system involved is the Digestive System.
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10. Place your hand on your chest and feel your heartbeat. Which organ are you feeling, and what is its function?
We are feeling the Heart. Its function is to pump blood continuously through blood vessels to supply oxygen and nutrients to all parts of the body.
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11. Riya runs for 5 minutes and notices that her breathing becomes faster and her heart beats quicker. Which two organ systems are mainly working harder? [ ]
Answer: C) Respiratory and circulatory systems
- 12. Match the following:
| A | Ans | B |
|---|---|---|
| i) Heart | ( B ) | A) Nervous system |
| ii) Lungs | ( C ) | B) Circulatory system |
| iii) Stomach | ( D ) | C) Respiratory system |
| iv) Brain | ( A ) | D) Digestive system |
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13. Compare the digestive system and respiratory system. Write one difference.
The digestive system converts complex food into simple, absorbable nutrients, whereas the respiratory system takes in oxygen from the air and expels carbon dioxide.
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14. What may happen if one organ system does not work properly? Explain with one example.
If one organ system fails, other systems are severely affected and the whole body falls ill. For example, if the kidneys (excretory system) fail to filter waste, toxins accumulate in the blood and damage other vital organs.
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15. Is it important to eat healthy food for the proper working of organ systems? Why?
Yes, it is very important because healthy food provides the necessary vitamins, minerals, and energy required for all organ systems to grow, repair tissues, and function efficiently.
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16. Do you agree that our body is an amazing machine? Give one reason.
Yes, I agree because multiple intricate organ systems work continuously in perfect coordination without stopping to keep us alive and healthy.
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17. Write two sentences appreciating how different organ systems work together.
1. It is wonderful how our heart, lungs, and stomach coordinate seamlessly to convert food and air into life-sustaining energy.
2. The human body is nature's greatest marvel where every organ plays a vital role in perfect harmony. -
18. Prepare a short slogan on "Taking care of our body".
"Eat healthy, exercise daily, and keep your body smiling!"
