Worksheet - 1 Page 159
II. Fill in the blanks
- 1. Eating different foods gives nutrients and helps to prevent deficiency diseases.
- 2. A diet lacking proteins affects body growth.
- 3. A balanced diet means having all nutrients in right quantities.
- 4. Greens are protective foods.
III. Read the following paragraph and answer the given questions.
Worksheet - 1 (Continued) Page 160
- 1. Which food gives us energy to work and play?
Grains like rice and wheat give us energy to work and play.
- 2. Which food helps our body grow strong and repair muscles?
Proteins from pulses, milk, eggs, and nuts help our body grow strong and repair muscles.
- 3. How do protein-rich foods help our body?
Protein-rich foods help our body grow strong and repair worn-out muscles.
- 4. What happens if we eat the same kind of food every day?
If we eat the same kind of food every day, our body will not get all the required nutrients, leading to nutrient deficiency and health problems.
IV. Multiple Choice Questions.
- 1. Why is eating a variety of foods important for our body?
Answer: B) It helps the body get different nutrients needed for growth, energy, and repair.
- 2. Which foods mainly provide energy to the body?
Answer: C) Rice and wheat
Worksheet - 1 (Continued) Page 161
- 3. Which of the following is a rich source of proteins?
Answer: B) Eggs
V. Answer the following questions in two or three sentences.
- 1. Explain why eating different kinds of food keeps us healthy.
Different foods provide different essential nutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals. Eating a variety of foods ensures our body gets all these nutrients in the right proportions, which helps in growth, provides energy, and protects us from diseases.
- 2. Your friend eats only rice every day. What advice will you give him about food?
I will advise him not to depend only on rice, as it provides mainly carbohydrates. I will suggest he include pulses, leafy vegetables, fruits, and milk in his daily meals to get all the required vitamins, minerals, and proteins for healthy growth.
- 3. Is eating junk food every day a healthy habit? Why?
No, eating junk food every day is not a healthy habit. Junk foods lack essential nutrients like vitamins and minerals, and they contain excess fats, sugar, and salt, which can lead to obesity and digestive problems.
Worksheet - 1 (Continued) Page 162
VI. Answer the following questions in four or five sentences.
- 1. Write about different types of food with examples.
Food can be classified into three main types based on function:
1. Energy-giving foods: Rich in carbohydrates and fats, providing energy to work and play (e.g., rice, wheat, potatoes, oil).
2. Body-building foods: Rich in proteins, helping in growth and muscle repair (e.g., pulses, eggs, milk, fish).
3. Protective foods: Rich in vitamins and minerals, protecting our body from illnesses and infections (e.g., green leafy vegetables, fresh fruits). - 2. Write any four healthy food habits and life style prectices that keep us healthy.
Four healthy food habits and lifestyle practices are:
1. Always eat a balanced diet containing a variety of fresh foods at fixed times.
2. Wash hands thoroughly before eating and wash fruits and vegetables before use.
3. Drink plenty of clean water every day and avoid eating excessive junk food.
4. Exercise regularly, play outdoor games, and get adequate sleep to keep the body active and fit.
Worksheet - 2 Page 163
II. Fill in the blanks
- 1. Rice seedlings will get ready for transplantation in thirty days.
- 2. Removing unwanted plants is called weeding.
- 3. Paddy seeds germinate in paddy blocks.
- 4. Transplanting is done into the main field.
III. Read the following paragraph and answer the given questions.
Worksheet - 2 (Continued) Page 164
- 1. Which activity best shows a farmer's hard work after planting seedlings?
Answer: C) Watering, weeding and protecting.
- 2. How does farmers' hard work help people in their daily life?
Answer: B) It provides food for everyone.
- 3. What is the best way students can show respect to farmers?
Answer: C) Eating food carefully and not wasting it.
- 4. If farmers stop working for a long time, what is most likely to happen?
Answer: C) There will be a shortage of food
IV. True (T) or False (F).
| Statement | Ans |
|---|---|
| 1. Transplanting increases yield. | True |
| 2. Weeding is unnecessary. | False |
| 3. Fertilisers help crop growth. | True |
| 4. Seedlings grow directly in the main field. | False |
Worksheet - 2 (Continued) Page 165
V. Answer the following questions in two or three sentences.
- 1. Write about two crop-friendly insects.
Honeybees and ladybird beetles are two crop-friendly insects. Honeybees help in pollination to produce fruits and seeds, while ladybird beetles eat harmful aphids and pests that damage crops.
- 2. Why do farmers spray pesticides on their crops?
Farmers spray pesticides on their crops to protect them from harmful pests, caterpillars, and diseases. This helps prevent crop damage and ensures a good yield.
- 3. You see earthworms in the field. Are they helpful or harmful to crops? Why?
Earthworms are very helpful to crops and are known as a farmer's friends. They burrow into the soil, making it loose and airy, and their castings enrich the soil with nutrients.
Worksheet - 2 (Continued) Page 166
VI. Answer the following questions in four or five sentences.
- 1. Describe the stages of cultivation of paddy.
The stages of paddy cultivation are:
1. Ploughing and Land Preparation: The field is ploughed, levelled, and filled with water.
2. Raising Nursery & Transplantation: Paddy seeds are sown in a nursery bed, and after around 30 days, the seedlings are transplanted into the main field.
3. Irrigation and Weeding: Regular water supply is maintained, and unwanted weeds are removed.
4. Crop Protection & Manuring: Manure/fertilisers and pesticides are applied to protect and nourish the plants.
5. Harvesting and Threshing: Mature crops are cut, grains are separated from the chaff, dried, and stored safely. - 2. Prepare a poster in support of farmers' hard work from the seedling stage to harvesting.
[POSTER: SALUTE TO OUR FARMERS - THE FOOD PROVIDERS]
★ Hard Work in Every Grain: From sowing tiny seeds to harvesting golden crops, farmers toil day and night under the hot sun and heavy rains.
★ No Farmers, No Food: Every meal on our plate is the fruit of a farmer's sweat and dedication.
★ Our Promise: Respect farmers! Do not waste food! Value every single grain!
Worksheet - 3 Page 167
II. True (T) or False (F).
| Statement | Ans |
|---|---|
| 1. Drip irrigation saves water. | True |
| 2. All irrigation types use the same amount of water. | False |
| 3. Different irrigation types are unnecessary. | False |
| 4. Water flows through furrows. | True |
III. Read the following paragraph and answer the given questions.
Worksheet - 3 (Continued) Page 168
- 1. How do we supply water to the fields in field irrigation?
In field irrigation, water is allowed to flow freely over the entire agricultural field.
- 2. Furrows are made between crop rows in furrow irrigation. Why?
Furrows are made between crop rows so that water can flow through small channels directly along the plant roots without flooding the entire field.
- 3. Which irrigation method works like artificial rainfall?
Sprinkler irrigation works like artificial rainfall by using rotating nozzles to spray water over the crops.
- 4. Why is drip irrigation considered a water-saving method?
Drip irrigation is considered a water-saving method because it delivers water slowly and directly drop-by-drop to the roots of plants, reducing evaporation and water wastage.
IV. Multiple Choice Questions.
- 1. Which irrigation method saves the most water?
Answer: C) Drip irrigation
- 2. Which crop needs field irrigation?
Answer: B) Paddy (rice)
- 3. Which method imitates rainfall?
Answer: C) Sprinkler irrigation
- 4. Which irrigation method suits paddy cultivation?
Answer: A) Field irrigation
Worksheet - 3 (Continued) Page 169
V. Answer the following questions in two or three sentences.
- 1. What is irrigation?
Supplying water artificially to agricultural fields for the growth of crops is called irrigation. It ensures that crops receive adequate water when rainfall is insufficient.
- 2. Why do farmers use different irrigation methods for different crops?
Different crops have different water requirements and grow in different types of soil. For example, paddy requires standing water (field irrigation), whereas dry crops or vegetables grow well with water-saving methods like drip or sprinkler irrigation.
- 3. Explain the benefits of drip irrigation.
Drip irrigation delivers water directly to the plant roots, saving a large amount of water. It minimizes weed growth, prevents soil erosion, and ensures efficient fertilizer utilization.
VI. Answer the following questions in four or five sentences.
- 1. Name the four methods of irrigation. In your view, which one is the best irrigation method for rain-fed crops? Explain.
The four methods of irrigation are: 1. Field irrigation, 2. Furrow irrigation, 3. Sprinkler irrigation, and 4. Drip irrigation.
In my view, Sprinkler irrigation (or Drip irrigation) is the best method for rain-fed crops. In rain-fed regions, water is scarce, and these micro-irrigation methods supply water efficiently with minimum wastage, preventing soil runoff and ensuring high water productivity.
Worksheet - 4 Page 170
II. True (T) or False (F).
| Statement | Ans |
|---|---|
| 1. All insects are harmful. | False |
| 2. Pesticides may cause cancer. | True |
| 3. Bees help crops. | True |
| 4. Natural pests control is safer. | True |
| 5. Crop protection increases yield. | True |
III. Read the following paragraph and observe the mind map.
Worksheet - 4 (Continued) Page 171
- 1. Why is crop protection important in agriculture?
Crop protection is important because it keeps crops healthy and productive, reduces crop loss from pests and diseases, and ensures a better harvest of good-quality food.
- 2. Name any two insects that can damage crops.
Caterpillars and aphids (or locusts/beetles) are two insects that can damage crops.
- 3. How do pest-resistant crop varieties help farmers?
Pest-resistant varieties have natural defenses against insects and diseases, reducing the need for chemical pesticide sprays and preventing crop loss.
- 4. How does proper crop protection benefit food production?
Proper crop protection prevents damage to leaves, stems, and grains, thereby increasing overall crop yield and ensuring safe, high-quality food for consumption.
IV. Multiple Choice Questions.
- 1. Which insect is crop-friendly?
Answer: D) Ladybird beetle
Worksheet - 4 (Continued) Page 172
- 2. Why are pesticides dangerous?
Answer: C) They harm useful insects and the environment
- 3. Which method is eco-friendly?
Answer: C) Using natural enemies to control pests
- 4. Why are drones used in agriculture?
Answer: B) To spray pesticides easily
V. Answer the following questions in two or three sentences.
- 1. Your friend eats only rice every day. What advice will you give him about food?
I will tell my friend that eating only rice will not provide all the necessary nutrients our body requires. I will advise him to eat a balanced diet that includes vegetables, dal, fruits, and milk along with rice to stay healthy and strong.
- 2. Write about crop-friendly insects with examples.
Crop-friendly insects are beneficial insects that assist farmers in agriculture. For example, honeybees help in pollination to increase crop yields, and ladybird beetles feed on harmful pests like aphids to protect plants naturally.
Worksheet - 4 (Continued) Page 173
- 3. Write two sentences in support of farmers.
Farmers are the backbone of our country who work hard day and night in the fields to feed the entire nation. We should always respect farmers, support their tireless efforts, and avoid wasting any food.
- 4. Write about crop-harming insects with examples.
Crop-harming insects attack crops and damage leaves, stems, flowers, and developing grains, causing heavy crop losses. Examples of harmful insects include caterpillars, aphids, locusts, and stem borers.
VI. Answer the following questions in four or five sentences.
- 1. Write about the importance of crop protection.
Crop protection is vital in agriculture because it keeps crops healthy and guards them against insect pests, weeds, and harmful diseases. It reduces severe crop loss and significantly increases the agricultural yield per acre. Proper crop protection also ensures that people receive good-quality, nutritious food. Practicing eco-friendly methods like growing pest-resistant varieties and using natural predators prevents environmental degradation and protects useful insects.
Worksheet - 5 Page 174
Concept: Agricultural Tools, Organic Farming & Crops of Our State
Concept: Agricultural Tools, Organic Farming & Crops of Our State
II. True (T) or False (F).
| Statement | Ans |
|---|---|
| 1. Modern agricultural tools are faster. | True |
| 2. Bullocks pull harvesters. | False |
| 3. Paddy crop needs more water. | True |
| 4. Millets grow with rainfall. | True |
| 5. Organic food is healthy. | True |
III. Read the following paragraph and answer the given questions.
Worksheet - 5 (Continued) Page 175
- 1. How are traditional tools used in farming?
Traditional tools like the wooden plough, sickle, and bullock cart are used by farmers to support basic farming activities like tilling soil, harvesting crops, and transporting goods. They are simple, low-cost, and eco-friendly.
- 2. Modern tools help farmers save time and labour. Explain.
Modern tools like tractors, seed drills, and harvesters work much faster with machinery. They allow farmers to plough large fields rapidly, sow seeds evenly, and harvest crops efficiently with fewer workers, thereby saving both time and manual labour.
- 3. How are modern agricultural tools useful for large-scale farming?
Modern agricultural tools allow farmers to manage vast expanses of land quickly and efficiently. Machines like combine harvesters, cultivators, and drones ensure uniform field operations, minimize crop wastage, and boost overall agricultural productivity.
- 4. How do traditional and modern tools together benefit agriculture?
Modern tools provide speed, save labour, and support large-scale production, while traditional tools preserve sustainable cultural farming practices and are accessible to small and marginal farmers at low cost.
IV. Multiple Choice Questions.
- 1. Which tool is modern?
Answer: C) Tractor
Worksheet - 5 (Continued) Page 176
- 2. Which tool needs animals?
Answer: B) Plough
- 3. What is ZBNF?
Answer: C) Zero Budget Natural Farming
- 4. Which manure is organic?
Answer: D) Compost
V. Answer the following questions in two or three sentences.
- 1. Name any two modern agricultural tools.
Tractor and harvester (or seed drill and agricultural drone) are two modern agricultural tools.
- 2. Explain the importance of organic farming.
Organic farming maintains natural soil fertility and protects the environment from harmful chemicals. It produces safe, chemical-free, and nutrient-rich food that keeps humans healthy.
- 3. Write one difference between traditional and modern agricultual tools.
Traditional tools (like the wooden plough and sickle) rely on animal or human muscle power and work slowly, whereas modern tools (like tractors and combine harvesters) run on engines and perform farming operations much faster.
Worksheet - 5 (Continued) Page 177
VI. Answer the following questions in four or five sentences.
- 1. Why should farmers avoid using too many chemical fertilisers?
Farmers should avoid using excess chemical fertilisers because they destroy friendly soil organisms like earthworms and beneficial bacteria. Over time, excessive chemicals make the soil hard, acidic, and infertile. Furthermore, rainwater washes these chemicals into rivers and ponds, causing water pollution and killing aquatic life. Consuming crops grown with excessive chemicals can also lead to serious health problems like cancer in humans.
- 2. Write about natural materials used to improve soil fertility.
Natural materials used to improve soil fertility include cow dung, animal urine, compost, vermicompost, dry leaves, and green manures. Organic mixtures like Jeevamrutham stimulate beneficial microbial activity in the soil. These natural organic materials enrich the soil with essential nutrients, enhance water-holding capacity, and keep the soil porous and fertile without causing any pollution.
- 3. Draw and label one traditional and one modern farming tool.
Assessment Page 178
I. Multiple Choice Questions.
- 1. Which of the following is called a 'balanced diet'?
Answer: C) Food containing all nutrients in correct proportion
- 2. Which statement best explains why a balanced diet is important rather than eating large amounts of only one type of food?
Answer: B) Each food group supplies different nutrients needed for body functions.
- 3. A farmer wants a good yield without harming soil and human health. Which farming practice should he/she prefer?
Answer: C) Using organic manure and natural pest control
- 4. In a drought-prone area, farmers grow crops like millets and pulses instead of paddy. What is the main reason for this choice?
Answer: B) These crops need less water for cultivation
Assessment (Continued) Page 179
II. Answer the following questions in two or three sentences.
- 1. Name any four protein-rich foods.
Pulses (dals), eggs, milk, and soybeans (or nuts/fish) are four rich sources of proteins.
- 2. You are supposed to educate a farmer about earthworms. How will you do this?
I will explain to the farmer that earthworms are friends of the farmer. They burrow into the soil to make it porous and loose, allowing air and water to reach plant roots easily, and their castings act as natural nutrient-rich compost.
III. Answer the following questions in four or five sentences.
- 1. Explain the importance of eating a variety of foods.
Eating a variety of foods ensures our body gets all essential nutrients like carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals in the right quantities. Grains provide energy to work and play, proteins build muscles and promote growth, and fruits and greens protect us from deficiency diseases. Eating different foods also keeps our digestive system healthy, boosts our immunity, keeps the mind active, and provides overall vitality.
Assessment (Continued) Page 180
- 2. Write about healthy food habits and good lifestyle practices.
We should eat clean, fresh, and properly cooked balanced meals at fixed regular hours every day. Drink plenty of clean, safe water and avoid eating roadside junk food and aerated drinks. Always wash hands with soap before meals and wash fruits and raw vegetables thoroughly before consumption. Along with good food habits, daily physical exercises, adequate outdoor play, and 8 hours of sound sleep keep our body strong and energetic.
IV. Answer the following questions in five or six sentences.
- 1. Explain organic farming, its methods, and its importance to health and the environment.
Organic farming is an agricultural method where crops are cultivated using natural inputs without synthetic chemical fertilisers and toxic pesticides. Its primary methods include using farmyard manure, compost, vermicompost, green manure, crop rotation, and natural pest control methods like neem oil spray and biopesticides. Organic farming is extremely important because it preserves natural soil fertility and prevents chemical groundwater contamination. It protects useful soil organisms like earthworms and pollinators like bees. For human health, organic farming produces chemical-free, safe, and nutritious food that prevents severe illnesses and builds strong immunity.
