Worksheet - 1 Page 181
Concept: Water sources and Krishna River
Concept: Water sources and Krishna River
II. True (T) or False (F).
| Statement | Ans |
|---|---|
| 1. The Krishna river contributes to irrigation, drinking water and power generation. | True |
| 2. The Krishna river flows through only one state in India. | False |
| 3. Lakes and ponds are important only for animals, not for humans. | False |
| 4. Sea water can be used directly for drinking without treatment. | False |
| 5. Cutting down the forests can affect the water sources. | True |
III. Read the following paragraph and answer the given questions. (కింది పేరాను చదివి అడిగిన ప్రశ్నలకు సమాధానాలు రాయండి.)
Worksheet - 1 (Continued) Page 182
- 1. Why are the rivers Krishna and Godavari important to the people of Andhra Pradesh?
The rivers Krishna and Godavari are important because they travel long distances to provide water for drinking and daily needs, fill dams, support farming, and supply water to grow crops.
- 2. What problems might people face if rivers become polluted?
If rivers become polluted, it can cause deadly diseases, harm human health, kill fish and aquatic life, and lead to severe shortages of safe drinking water.
- 3. Do you think protecting rivers is more important? Why?
Yes, protecting rivers is very important because caring for rivers means caring for life. Rivers sustain human existence, agriculture, and animal life, and keeping them clean ensures clean water for future generations.
IV. Multiple Choice questions. (బహుళైచ్ఛిక సమాధాన ప్రశ్నలు.)
- 1. People store rainwater by constructing structures in low-lying areas. What is the most likely water resource it can be?
Answer: C) tank
Worksheet - 1 (Continued) Page 183
- 2. A travel agency wants to take people on boat trips along the Krishna River. Which of these places is on the river Krishna?
Answer: B) Bhavani Island
- 3. Which of these is true about the River Krishna?
Answer: D) The Prakasam Barrage was built in 1957.
V. Answer the following questions in two or three sentences.
- 1. Name some sources of water.
Rivers, lakes, ponds, tanks, wells, borewells, oceans, and rainfall are important sources of water on Earth.
- 2. What are the uses of water in our daily life?
In our daily life, we use water for drinking, cooking food, bathing, washing clothes and utensils, cleaning houses, and watering plants.
- 3. Write the names of some rivers in India.
Ganga, Yamuna, Godavari, Krishna, Narmada, Brahmaputra, and Penna are some major rivers in India.
Worksheet - 1 (Continued) Page 184
VI. Answer the following questions in five or six sentences.
- 1. Why did people build cities near rivers in the past? Are the rivers important today in the same way?
In the past, people built cities near rivers because rivers provided water for drinking and farming.
The land near rivers was fertile and good for growing crops.
Rivers were also used for transportation and trade.
Rivers are still important today for drinking water, farming, industries, and electricity.
So, rivers are important to people both in the past and today. - 2. Protecting rivers is very important. Explain why?
Protecting rivers is important because they provide water for drinking and daily needs.
River water is also used for farming and growing crops.
Clean rivers provide a safe home for fish, plants, and other animals.
Rivers help maintain the balance of nature.
If we pollute rivers, people, animals, and future generations may face water problems.
Worksheet - 2 Page 185
Concept: Major rivers and Dams in Andhra Pradesh.
Concept: Major rivers and Dams in Andhra Pradesh.
II. Match the following. (జతపరచండి.)
| A | Ans | B |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Godavari | ( e ) | a. Tungabhadra dam |
| 2. Krishna | ( c ) | b. Vamsadhara project |
| 3. Penna | ( d ) | c. Nagarjuna Sagar dam |
| 4. Vamsadhara | ( b ) | d. Somasila dam |
| 5. Tungabhadra | ( a ) | e. Polavaram project |
III. Read the following paragraph and answer the given questions.
Worksheet - 2 (Continued) Page 186
- 1. Name any two rivers in Andhra Pradesh.
The Godavari and Krishna are two major rivers in Andhra Pradesh.
- 2. Which is the longest river flowing through Andhra Pradesh?
The Godavari is the longest river flowing through Andhra Pradesh.
- 3. How do dams and rivers help farmers?
Rivers and dams help farmers by storing water in reservoirs and providing irrigation through canals to grow crops throughout the year.
- 4. Srisailam Dam is built across the Krishna River.
- 5. Polavaram Dam is built across the Godavari River.
IV. Multiple Choice Questions.
- 1. What is the main reason for building dams across rivers like the Krishna and the Godavari?
Answer: B) To store water for agriculture and generate electricity.
- 2. Aadarsh is observing a river flow map and pointing at the Almatti dam, Nagarjuna Sagar dam, Srisailam dam and Prakasam barrage. What is the river path he is thinking about?
Answer: C) The Krishna river path
Worksheet - 2 (Continued) Page 187
- 3. A village located near a river faces frequent floods during the rainy season and water scarcity during summer. The government plans to construct a dam across the river. How will the dam help the village?
Answer: C) It will control floods and store water for drinking needs in summer.
V. Answer the following questions in two or three sentences.
- 1. What is a dam?
A dam is a strong barrier or wall constructed across a river to stop or restrict the flow of water and store it in a reservoir for various uses like irrigation and power generation.
- 2. How can we store rainwater for future use?
We can store rainwater by constructing rainwater harvesting pits, digging farm ponds, building check dams, and collecting rooftop runoff in tanks for future needs.
- 3. How are rivers, reservoirs, and dams connected to each other?
Rivers supply naturally flowing water across the land. A dam is a physical structure constructed across a river to hold back this water, and the massive artificial lake created behind the dam to store this river water is called a reservoir.
Worksheet - 2 (Continued) Page 188
VI. Answer the following questions in five or six sentences.
- 1. Are dams important for our country? Give one reason.
Yes, dams are important for our country.
They store water and provide it for farming throughout the year.
Dams also help in supplying drinking water and generating electricity.
They can also help control floods during heavy rains. - 2. Explain the uses of reservoirs in your surroundings.
Reservoirs store rainwater and river water for future use.
They provide water for farming and growing crops.
They supply drinking water to villages and towns.
They help control floods during heavy rains.
They also support fish, fishermen, and other water activities.
Worksheet - 3 Page 189
Concept: Dependents on rivers
II. Match the following.
| A | Ans | B |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Farmers | ( B ) | A. Use water to travel |
| 2. Fishermen | ( C ) | B. Use river water for farming |
| 3. Boatmen | ( A ) | C. Catch fish for livelihood |
| 4. Industries | ( E ) | D. Visit river banks for enjoyment |
| 5. Tourists | ( D ) | E. Use river water for factories |
III. Read the following paragraph and answer the given questions.
Worksheet - 3 (Continued) Page 190
- 1. Why are rivers important for human life?
Rivers are important for human life because many people depend on them for drinking water, irrigation, fishing, transportation, and electricity generation.
- 2. Name two uses of river water mentioned in the paragraph.
Two uses of river water mentioned in the paragraph are irrigation (for farming) and electricity generation.
- 3. How do farmers use river water?
Farmers use river water for irrigation to grow crops in their fields.
- 4. How do fishermen depend on rivers?
Fishermen depend on rivers to catch fish and earn their livelihood.
IV. Multiple Choice Questions.
- 1. Who uses river water to grow crops?
Answer: C) Farmers
- 2. Which living beings depend on rivers?
Answer: C) Humans, animals, and plants
- 3. Why do cities develop near rivers?
Answer: B) Rivers provide water and support life
Worksheet - 3 (Continued) Page 191
V. Answer the following questions in two or three sentences.
- 1. How can you say that the river is the source of livelihood for fishermen?
Fishermen catch various types of fish, crabs, and prawns from the river every day. By selling these catches in local markets, they earn income to feed and support their families.
- 2. How can we develop riverside areas, which are near towns and cities?
We can develop riverside areas by building clean promenades, planting shady trees along the banks, and creating public parks. We should also arrange boating facilities and maintain strict cleanliness to promote tourism.
- 3. Why do many cities develop near rivers?
Rivers provide a constant supply of freshwater for drinking, domestic chores, and industrial needs. They also offer fertile plains for agriculture and convenient water transport routes for trade.
Worksheet - 3 (Continued) Page 192
VI. Answer the following questions in five or six sentences.
- 1. Compare the life of a fisherman and a farmer who depend on the same river. How are their needs different?
A fisherman depends on the river to catch fish and earn money
A farmer depends on the river water to grow crops.
The fisherman needs fish, a boat, and fishing nets.
The farmer needs water, seeds, and farming tools.
Both depend on the river, but their needs are different. - 2. Imagine there are no rivers in your state. What will happen? Explain.
If there were no rivers in our state, people would face a shortage of water.
Farmers would not have enough water to grow crops.
Animals and birds would also suffer because they need water to live.
Fishermen would lose their jobs and income.
There would also be less electricity from hydroelectric projects.
Worksheet - 4 Page 193
Concept: River pollution
II. True (T) or False (F).
| Statement | Ans |
|---|---|
| 1. If people keep throwing waste into rivers, it causes drinking water shortages in the future. | True |
| 2. Rivers will always remain clean even if humans pollute them. | False |
| 3. Pollution in rivers can harm fish, animals, and people living nearby. | True |
| 4. Cutting trees near rivers can lead to floods and soil erosion. | True |
| 5. Protecting rivers today helps future generations get clean water. | True |
III. Read the following paragraph and answer the given questions.
Worksheet - 4 (Continued) Page 194
- 1. How are rivers important sources of water?
Rivers are important sources of water because they supply water for drinking, farming, and daily household activities.
- 2. Name any two pollutants that cause river pollution.
Plastic and untreated sewage (or industrial chemicals) are two major pollutants that cause river pollution.
- 3. How does polluted river water affect living beings?
Polluted river water harms fish, aquatic plants, and wild animals, and spreads severe diseases that damage human health.
- 4. Suggest two ways to reduce river pollution.
Two ways to reduce river pollution are: 1. Do not throw garbage or plastic into rivers and always use dustbins. 2. Treat town sewage and industrial waste thoroughly before releasing it into water bodies.
IV. Multiple Choice Questions.
- 1. Which action helps to reduce river pollution?
Answer: C) Treating sewage before releasing it
- 2. What is the best reason to stop throwing waste into the river?
Answer: B) Clean rivers protect people's health
- 3. Fish in a river start dying due to industrial waste because
Answer: C) Polluted water can kill aquatic life
Worksheet - 4 (Continued) Page 195
- 4. Which action will be most helpful in reducing river pollution?
Answer: C) Treating sewage before releasing it into rivers
V. Answer the following questions in two or three sentences.
- 1. What are the main reasons for river pollution?
The main reasons for river pollution are dumping domestic garbage and plastic, releasing untreated city sewage, discharging poisonous chemical effluents from factories, and washing clothes and vehicles in the river.
- 2. Name one Indian river facing a severe pollution problem.
The River Ganga (or River Yamuna) is facing a severe pollution problem in India due to huge inflows of untreated sewage and industrial chemicals.
- 3. How does water pollution affect plants and animals?
Polluted water reduces oxygen levels in the water, causing fish and aquatic animals to die. It also contaminates aquatic plants and poisons animals that drink the toxic river water.
Worksheet - 4 (Continued) Page 196
VI. Answer the following questions in four or five sentences.
- 1. Write the natural and human-made causes responsible for river pollution.
Natural Causes:
Heavy rains can cause soil erosion and make rivers dirty.
Floods can carry dead plants, waste, and other materials into rivers.
Mud and minerals can also mix with river water.
Human-made Causes:
People throw plastic, garbage, and other waste into rivers.
Untreated sewage and household waste pollute river water.
Pesticides and fertilisers from farms can flow into rivers.
Factories may release harmful chemicals into rivers. - 2. Is it right to release untreated factory waste into rivers? Why?
No, it is completely wrong to release untreated factory waste into rivers. Factory wastes contain hazardous, poisonous chemicals and heavy metals that pollute drinking water sources. These toxic chemicals destroy fish and useful aquatic organisms, deplete dissolved oxygen, and cause severe illnesses like cancer and skin disorders in people and livestock who consume the polluted water.
- 3. Suggest two solutions to reduce river pollution.
Two effective solutions to reduce river pollution are:
1. Sewage and Effluent Treatment: Every municipality and factory must install treatment plants to neutralize toxic chemicals and sewage before releasing wastewater into rivers.
2. Ban Plastic Dumping and Strict Enforcement: Strictly ban throwing plastic items, garbage, and ritual waste into river bodies, and plant dense trees along riverbanks to prevent soil erosion.
Worksheet - 5 Page 197
Concept: Water safety and cleanliness
II. Match the following.
| A | Ans | B |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Boiled and cooled or filtered water | ( B ) | A. Protect water sources |
| 2. Throwing plastic into rivers | ( C ) | B. Safe drinking water |
| 3. Using dustbins for waste | ( D ) | C. Causes water pollution |
| 4. Washing hands with clean water | ( E ) | D. Keeps surroundings clean |
| 5. Keeping lakes and wells clean | ( A ) | E. Reduces the spread of diseases |
Worksheet - 5 (Continued) Page 198
III. Read the following paragraph and answer the given questions.
- 1. How does clean water help us stay healthy?
Clean water keeps our body properly hydrated, supports organ functions, and protects us from waterborne infections and diseases.
- 2. We should keep our water sources always clean. Why?
We should keep our water sources clean because we depend on them for drinking, cooking, and daily needs; dirty water spreads harmful bacteria, causing epidemics and threatening human and environmental health.
IV. Multiple Choice Questions.
- 1. During the monsoon season, many people in Rohith's village fall sick with stomach aches and fever. The doctor explains that the heavy rains have mixed dirt into the river water. Based on the doctor's explanation, what is the main reason the villagers are falling sick?
Answer: B) The river water contains dirt.
Worksheet - 5 (Continued) Page 199
- 2. Which of the following is a way to make water safe for drinking?
Answer: B) Boiling and filtering
- 3. What will happen if we drink polluted water?
Answer: B) It causes diseases
V. Answer the following questions in two or three sentences.
- 1. Clean water is important to our life. Why?
Clean water is essential for drinking, cooking, digestion, and carrying out metabolic functions in our body. Drinking clean water prevents harmful waterborne diseases like cholera, typhoid, and dysentery.
- 2. What are the ways to keep water clean?
We can keep water clean by storing it in covered containers, not throwing plastics or garbage into water bodies, and avoiding washing animals or clothes near drinking water sources.
Worksheet - 5 (Continued) Page 200
VI. Answer the following questions in five or six sentences.
- 1. Why is it important to keep water sources clean? Explain how clean water helps both human health and the environment.
Clean water is important for all living beings.
It keeps people healthy and helps prevent diseases like diarrhoea and typhoid.
Children can stay healthy and attend school regularly.
Clean water helps fish, plants, birds, and other animals live safely.
It keeps the environment healthy and maintains the balance of nature. - 2. Why did your teacher advise you to always drink boiled and filtered water? Explain.
My teacher advised me to drink boiled and filtered water to stay healthy.
Filtering removes dust, dirt, and other impurities from water.
Boiling kills harmful germs and bacteria in the water.
It helps prevent diseases like typhoid, cholera, and stomach infections.
Therefore, boiled and filtered water is safer to drink.
Worksheet - 6 Page 201
Concept: Floods and Drought
II. Match the following.
| A | Ans | B |
|---|---|---|
| 1. No rain for a long time | ( B ) | A. Water scarcity. |
| 2. Overflow of rivers | ( E ) | B. Droughts |
| 3. Sign of drought | ( D ) | C. Heavy rainfall |
| 4. Cause of floods | ( C ) | D. Dry and cracked soil |
| 5. Effect of drought | ( A ) | E. Floods |
III. Read the following paragraph and answer the given questions.
- 1. What are floods and droughts related to?
Floods and droughts are natural disasters related to water (excess of water and lack of water).
Worksheet - 6 (Continued) Page 202
- 2. When do floods occur?
Floods occur when there is heavy rainfall and too much water flows into rivers, lakes, or low-lying areas.
- 3. What kind of damage can floods cause?
Floods can cause widespread damage to houses, crops, and roads, disrupting daily life.
- 4. When does a drought occur?
A drought occurs when there is very little or no rainfall for a long period, leading to acute water shortages.
- 5. How do floods and droughts affect human life and agriculture?
Floods destroy standing crops and submerge residential areas, while droughts cause crops to dry up and lead to food and water scarcity for both humans and livestock.
IV. Multiple Choice Questions.
- 1. Which of the following is affected by both floods and droughts?
Answer: A) Crops
- 2. Look at the picture. What is the main cause of this situation?
Answer: C) Scarcity of rainfall
- 3. A farmer's crops were destroyed because there was no rain for many months. Which disaster caused this problem?
Answer: C. Drought
Worksheet - 6 (Continued) Page 203
- 4. Why can both floods and droughts be harmful to agriculture?
Answer: B) Crops need a balance of water, not too much or too little
- 5. If a place often faces floods, which action would best reduce damage?
Answer: C) Improving drainage and planting trees
V. Answer the following questions in two or three sentences.
- 1. There is no rain for a long time. What problem could arise?
If there is no rain for a long time, it leads to severe drought conditions. Groundwater levels drop, drinking water becomes scarce, ponds and wells dry up, and crops wither away.
- 2. How does drought affect farmers?
Drought deprives farmers of water for irrigation, causing their crops to dry up and fail completely. As a result, farmers face heavy financial losses, debt burdens, and a shortage of cattle fodder.
- 3. How do floods affect crops?
Floods submerge standing crops in fields for many days, causing plant roots to rot due to excess water. Strong flood currents also wash away fertile topsoil and damage harvest-ready yields.
Worksheet - 6 (Continued) Page 204
VI. Answer the following questions in five or six sentences.
- 1. During heavy rains, the water level in a river rises. What danger does it cause to nearby villages?
Heavy rains can make the river overflow and cause floods in nearby villages.
Floodwater can enter houses and damage them.
It can wash away people’s belongings and cattle.
Crops and farmland may also be destroyed.
Roads and bridges can be damaged, making it difficult to get help.
Floodwater can also pollute drinking water and spread diseases. - 2. Compare floods and droughts. Write one difference.
A flood happens when there is too much water, usually because of heavy rainfall.
A drought happens when there is very little or no rainfall for a long time.
Floods cause water to cover land, while droughts cause water sources to dry up.
Assessment Page 205
I. Multiple Choice Questions.
- 1. Which of the following is not a source of water?
Answer: D) Rocks
- 2. Which of the following groups contains only the tributaries of the River Krishna mentioned in the lesson?
Answer: B) Tungabhadra, Koyna and Bhima.
- 3. Which of the following is the major cause of damage to living organisms in the river?
Answer: A) Waste from industries and power stations.
II. Answer the following questions in two or three sentences.
- 1. Why do rivers get flooded?
Rivers get flooded when there is continuous heavy rainfall in their catchment areas. Excess rainwater fills the river beyond its carrying capacity, causing water to overflow the banks into surrounding areas.
- 2. What are the main reasons for river pollution?
The main reasons for river pollution include discharging untreated industrial chemicals and sewage into rivers, dumping household plastic and trash, and washing cattle and vehicles in the water.
Assessment (Continued) Page 206
III. Answer the following questions in four or five sentences.
- 1. Name some reservoirs in your surroundings and explain their uses.
Some reservoirs in our surroundings are Srisailam, Nagarjuna Sagar, Polavaram, and Prakasam Barrage.
They store water for use during different seasons.
The stored water is used for irrigation and drinking.
Some reservoirs also help in generating electricity.
They also help control floods during heavy rains. - 2. Draw and colour. Colour the districts through which the Krishna River flows and draw the flow line of the Krishna River on the given map of Andhra Pradesh.
